Materials that undergo controllable structural and property changes upon external stimuli are known as stimuli-responsive or “smart” materials. Understanding the transitional pathway and the out-of-equilibrium state of their micro-structures are crucial for the establishment of a dynamic structure-property relationship. With increasing neutron flux, time-resolved small angle neutron scattering...
High Current Accelerator driven Neutron Sources (HiCANS) are considered as the next generation medium flux neutron facility taking over the role of today’s national neutron sources. The High Brilliance Source HBS will provide dedicated target stations delivering ~ 100 kW proton beam power, where the instruments around the target station define the pulse and spectral properties of the neutrons...
A proton beam window is an important component in a spallation target. It guarantees the safe operation of the target, since its failure may cause severe contamination of the proton beamline and lead prolonged shutdown of the neutron source. A proton beam window is the component exposed to the highest proton beam current or intensity in the target. The high proton beam current density in a...
The solid spallation neutron source target is used in the condition of high temperature, high radiation and continuous cooling water erosion. In order to obtain a high neutron yield, the target material is generally selected from the metal material with a relatively high atomic number. Tungsten is one of the suitable choices as the spallation neutron sources solid target material due to its...
One of the priority of FLNP JINR is the development of detectors for thermal and cold neutrons. There are 14 neutron instruments for condensed matter investigation at the pulsed IBR-2 reactor. Every instrument operates in time-of-flight mode and implements certain scattering method. The performance of any instrument mainly defines by characteristics of its detector system consisting of a...
We have been developing a 3He neutron spin filter (NSF) for the efficient utilization of pulsed neutrons, since the 3He NSF is effective for neutrons in the wide energy range. The 3He NSF is effective especially for neutrons with energy higher than several-tens-meV. It also can cover a large solid angle and polarize neutrons without deflecting them from their original trajectory, it is...
Slow neutrons, such as cold neutrons, are really important non-destructive probes not only for basic physics but also for the structural genomics advancements. Neutron-based science is also known as high-neutron-intensity-dependent science. A new unique method focusing on nanosized particle aggregation has been proposed to increase neutron intensity below cold neutron energy region. The method...
Polarized neutron capability has been continuously developed at the China Spallation Neutron Sources. With the initial instrumentation developed and calibrated at the test beamline (BL-20) at the CSNS, the ongoing development now focus on implementing polarized neutron devices on the existing and upcoming CSNS beamlines. Preliminary experiments have already been performed at the Multi-purpose...
As one of the important auxiliary devices for neutron scattering instruments, sample environment provides various experimental conditions to enhance the research capabilities of the instruments. The sample environment at the Chinese Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) has been providing in-situ experimental services since the commissioning of the instrument in 2018. It has evolved from initially...
Spherical Neutron Polarimetry (SNP) is a powerful technique which can measure the variation of polarization directions between incident and scattered neutron. Using this technique, the directional and phase information of the magnetic structure factor can be determined. This technique has been achieved by Meissner effect or high permeability alloys to produce zero-field environment.
We are...
Inelastic neutron scattering is a powerful technology to measure the lattice dynamics of materials, which is essential to understand the thermal transport properties and other phonon-related properties. The realization of obtaining a sufficient amount of effective data within a limited time is a major demand facing the development of the current inelastic scattering technology. Here, we...
ISIS neutron and muon source is now seeking its next phase of new instruments and significant upgrades to existing instruments: a portfolio of projects that has been called the Endeavour Programme. Endeavour will increase both capacity and capability of the facility to address 21st century challenges and enable research in areas such as advanced materials and manufacturing, clean energy...
ESS Bilbao is a public consortium of the Spanish and Basque Governments. It brings knowledge and added value in particle accelerators, nuclear and neutron and scattering science and technologies by leveraging its in-kind contribution to the European Spallation Neutron Source (ESS), in Lund (Sweden). ESS is currently under construction and when operating will represent the most powerful neutron...
High pressure is an important pathway to access and understand the properties of materials as well as their various phases in the fields ranging from mineral physics inside the earth to cooperative many-body quantum phases emerging in crystals.
At PSI we combine the high-pressures with accelerator-based scattering and resonance methods in order to explore, understand and control theses...
Neutron technology and related neutron detection technology have become a very important technical means in the research of basic disciplines such as science, life science and astrophysics. They are widely used in many important fields, such as industry, agriculture and medicine. Since there are no free neutrons in nature, in order to explore the world effectively with neutrons, it is...
Recent studies [1, 2] have revealed the remarkable potential of optimized low-dimensional liquid para-H2 moderators in enhancing cold neutron brightness compared to voluminous moderators. In this research, we introduce a novel analytic approach to calculate the brightness of such moderators. Our findings demonstrate that as the brightness gain is the near-the-surface effect, the high-aspect...
In 2019, we have introduced a new system that improves the safe application of the proton beam onto the SINQ target. The basic idea is that we detect the beam position directly in the target with a two-dimensional network of temperature sensors. The temperature measurement is done with type-K thermocouples directly in our Zircaloy target rods. This system is called TBPS (Target Beam...
J.Nutter(a), S.Payne(a), J.Chandler(a), M.Schastny(a), M.Williams(a), T.Allinson(a), G.Burgess(a), K.Allum(a) S.Cooper(a), E.Baker(a), T.Jenkins(a)
(a) ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, OX110QX, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
This talk provides an overview of the ‘ISIS Electrical & Electronic User Support Group’(EEUSG). The Group, commonly referred to as the Electronics Group, provides...
Conceptual design studies are now underway for ISIS-II [1], the successor to the UK’s pulsed neutron and muon source. Appropriate target technologies must be selected for each of the two proposed neutron target stations, to achieve a balance between neutronic performance and engineering reliability.
An essential choice early in the design process is between a stationary solid target or a...
Instrument Upgrade & Installation and Operation at ISIS
This talk will focus on my experiences as an Operations Manager at ISIS and how I also manage the delivery of Instrument Projects at ISIS. It will include the challenges faced as a technician carrying out the work, and as a Operations and Installation manager looking after Operating Instruments and Instrument Installations at the same...
The High Brilliance Neutron Source (HBS) project is developing a high-current accelerator-driven neutron source (HiCANS) to maintain a healthy neutron landscape in Europe. Despite the lower primary neutron yield of the nuclear reactions compared to reactor or spallation neutron sources, HiCANS achieve a competitive neutron brightness by a compact moderator and reflector design, which makes a...
The project aim was to design a beamline high voltage interlock system to carry out the protection of personnel from being harmed by electrical hazards under all operating modes.
Experiments that require the use of high voltage power supplies are becoming increasingly common which has been the driving force for the requirement of this safety system. The experiments typically are conducted on...
The 3-GeV rapid cycling synchrotron at the Japan Pro-ton Accelerator Research Complex was designed to pro-vide 1-MW proton beams to the following facilities. Thanks to the improvement works of the accelerator sys-tem, we successfully accelerate 1-MW beam with quite small beam loss. Currently, the beam power of RCS is limited by the lack of anode current in the RF cavity system rather than the...
Conventional neutron scattering techniques encounter limitations when measuring scattering events characterized by small momentum or energy transfers due to the inherent trade-off between resolution and useable flux. To address this challenge, we explore the innovative utilization of neutron spin Larmor precession. By harnessing this phenomenon, it becomes possible to encode neutron momentum...
The European Spallation Source (ESS) is an ambitious European project with a budget higher
to 1800 Me. The aim of the project is to design, build and operate the brightest spallation
neutron source in the world. The ESS will use a proton beam with final power deposited on the
target of 5 MW, which will impact on a tungsten Target cooled by helium gas.
The spallation reactions produced...
A compression of the 5 MW ESS proton pulse from the present 2.86 milliseconds to a medium pulse length of a few tens of microseconds which is better matched to the moderator time-constant of thermal and cold neutrons would considerably boost the performance for many instruments at ESS. A pulse of a few tens of microseconds can most likely be handled by the ESS target with some minor...
Muon spin spectroscopy, known as a collection of muon spin rotation, relaxation and resonance (μSR) techniques, uses highly polarized muons to study the microscopic magnetic structure and dynamics of condensed matter. The interaction between muon spins and the local field inside materials forms the physical basis of μSR techniques. Such information is extracted by the detection of positrons...
There are two neutron facilities at Oak Ridge national laboratory(ORNL): High Flux Isotope Reactor(HFIR) with the world’s highest continuous neutron brightness and Spallation Neutron Source(SNS) with the world’s highest peak neutron brightness. Supported by the powerful neutron sources of SNS and HFIR, the diffraction instruments at ORNL have developed world leading capabilities on high...
The state of research of the condensed matter dynamics using the inelastic neutron scattering (INS) technique at FLNP was a matter of concern for both the user community and laboratory management, and was the subject of intensive discussions on the further development of this research area at FLNP. As a result of the discussions, it became clear that the current INS spectrometer NERA, which...
The ISIS Neutron and Muon Source is based at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the UK and is owned and operated by the Science and Technology Facilities Council, one of the councils that forms UK Research and Innovation (UKRI). Since production of first neutrons in 1984, ISIS has continued to develop its capabilities while growing and supporting the neutron scattering and muon science...
AMATERAS[1] is the disk-chopper type neutron spectrometer for measuring inelastic and quasielastic neutron scattering in the energy range from cold to sub-thermal neutron regions with high efficiency and fine resolution. In 2021, AMATERAS extended the neutron guide to focus neutrons and increase intensity at the sample position. In the opportunity, we evaluated neutron flux at the sample...
Small-Angle Neutron-Scattering (SANS) with polarization analysis is a powerful technique to investigate magnetic order in hard condensed matter systems on the nanometer and mesoscopic length scales, and to suppress hydrogen incoherent scattering in soft matter materials. The high neutron flux expected at the European Spallation Source (ESS), coupled with novel instrumentation that will be...
AMATERAS, cold-neutron disk-chopper spectrometer at the Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility in J-PARC, has been in operation since 2009 [1]. Due to its high flexibility of the neutron intensity and the energy resolution, AMATERAS has been used for experiments in various research fields such as magnetism, functional materials and so on. Recent issues of AMATERAS are the high...
As we approach the centenary of Neel’s models of antiferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism, it is remarkable to note that magnetism and magnetic orderings remain frontiers of research rather than turn-the-handle studies. Quantum mechanics, the framework originally used to dismiss these initial models is now seen to allow possibilities that are still being discovered. For over 60 years, the need...
The importance of scientific computing and data management for harnessing the full potential of the European Spallation Source (ESS) was recognized early on in the ESS’s design phase. The ESS Data Management and Software Centre (DMSC) was therefore already established at the foundation of ESS and charged with providing the scientific computing tools and services that users need from proposal...
As part of the ISIS TS1 Project [1], a new design of spallation target has been installed and operated at ISIS TS1. Detailed Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulations were used to guide the design process and predict target performance. Since the TS1 Project target began operation in November 2022, operating data has been collected and used to validate the target simulation approach.
As...
Eric N. Brown LANSCE
The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) currently operates the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) and the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), two of the world’s most advanced neutron scattering research facilities. The long-planned fourth-generation neutron source, the Second Target Station (STS), obtained the United States Department of Energy Critical Decision 1 approval in November 2020 and...
ABSTRACT
Probing the interplay between crystal structure and magnetism in new multinary oxides through the Rietveld refinement of high resolution synchrotron and neutron powder diffraction data has becoming increasingly critical for the advancement of science and technology in condense matter science. The seminar will highlight the brief summary of the (X+n) results collected at reputed...
Conceived back in 2012, the TS1 project [1] is a long-running sustainability project that set out to reinvigorate the internals of target station 1, including but not limited to the neutron target, reflector and moderators (TRaM), as well as the supporting services required to keep the TRaM components operating.
In over a decade that the project has been running, a great many things have...
At the second stage of China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS-II), 17 new neutron instruments will be constructed, which will produce 2 PB of raw experimental data annually. However, the existing data management system (DMS) based on ICAT has several limitations like poor scalability of metadata database, imperfect data status management and inflexible API. To ensure the accuracy, usability,...
The High energy Direct geometry spectrometer (HD) is a direct geometry time-of-flight chopper spectrometer[1]. It will be the first inelastic neutron scattering instrument at the China Spallation Neutron Source. Currently, the spectrometer construction has been completed and under commissioning. when it opens to the user, it will fulfill the increasing beam-time demand from the user from all...
The European Spallation Source (ESS) is an ambitious European project with a budget higher
to 1800 Me. The aim of the project is to design, build and operate the brightest spallation
neutron source in the world. The ESS will use a proton beam with final power deposited on the
target of 5 MW, which will impact on a tungsten Target cooled by helium gas.
The Target will be designed with a...
The European Spallation Source (ESS), presently under construction, in Lund, Sweden, is a multi-disciplinary international laboratory that will operate the world’s most powerful pulsed neutron source. By the year 2027, a suite of 15 instruments will be served by a high-brightness moderator system positioned above the spallation target. However, the existing ESS infrastructure, encompassing...
Accelerator driven neutron sources provide a cost-efficient and attractive alternative to classical neutron sources like fission reactors. With the advent of high current proton accelerator systems, a novel class of such neutron facilities can be established termed High-Current Accelerator-driven Neutron Sources (HiCANS). Such sources can counteract the increasing shutdown of existing...
The muon experiment facility called the Muon Science Establishment (MUSE) is the user facility at J-PARC MLF as well as the neutron facility.
The muon production target, which is 2 cm thick graphite consuming about 5% of 3 GeV proton beam and located 30 m upstream from the neutron mercury target, produces high-intensity muon beams to be utilized in versatile muon science studies. Four...
The one-source-one-detector bimodal imaging system shows incredible promise in in-situ industrial applications, such as residual core material detection for turbine blade, lithium ore concentration analysis and study of water transport in concrete. The target station design will dramatically affect the spectrum and flux for both neutrons and photons, which in turn influence the material...
TOSCA is a high-resolution, broad band, indirect geometry chemical spectrometer operated at the ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, UK. As a neutron analogue to optical spectroscopy, it is optimised for the study of molecular vibrations in fields such as catalysis, hydrogen storage materials, hydrogen bonded systems, or biological and organic compounds. We present the detailed design and performance...
J-PARC MLF, which has the spallation neutron source, has adopted the event recording method as the standard data acquisition (DAQ) mode. This method has realized that all signals which are detections of neutrons at detectors installed in the instruments are recorded as events with a timestamp.
A typical event recorded data produced from DAQ system at MLF consists of 2 types of events. One is...
On 4th November 2022, neutrons were produced on ISIS’ target station 1 (TS1) for the first time since a long shutdown began on 21st June 2021 to enable the planned work for the TS1 project [1]. Since that date in November scientists, engineers and technicians been working hard to return TS1 to a fully operational state and enable the delivery of science again.
Relatively quickly after...
Cationics are widely used for various applications, e.g., fabric softening, antimicrobial action, oilfield applications and pesticides, all of which involve the strong interaction of the cationic group with an oppositely charged surface. Their role would be considerably widened if the nonionic ethoxylate grouping could be reliably and accurately attached to the cationic group as it can for...
Diffusion controls almost microscopic processes such as element partition, microstructure evolution, structural order, and dislocation climb, which is closely related to the creep strength of Ni-based superalloys. In this study, the effects of Re, Mo and Ta on vacancy-mediated diffusion and structural order of γ'-Ni3Al have been systematically evaluated via incorporating first-principles and...
The magnetic pair distribution function (mPDF) analysis of neutron total scattering data has recently emerged as a powerful method for investigating the local magnetic correlations in materials. Similar to the atomic pair distribution function (PDF) method, the mPDF utilizes the Fourier transform of the magnetic neutron scattering cross section to obtain information about magnetic structures...
In this work, we present a demonstration of performing polarized neutron imaging (PNI) at the beamline BL20 at Chinese Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS). Utilizing the V-cavity supermirror as the polarizer, the in-house developed in-situ polarized 3He neutron spin filter (NSF) system as the analyzer, and an energy resolved neutron imaging detector, an aluminum cylindrical solenoid as a sample...
Neutron Spin Echo (NSE) instruments are the highest energy resolution neutron spectroscopy instruments. WASP the Wide Angle Spin echo is the youngest member of this family. WASP’s magnetic configuration is unique, it is the single functioning instrument of its kind. After four cycles of user operation the first results were published. It will be shown on practical examples how the very wide...
Polarization analysis increases the information that can be gained from neutron scattering experiments by enabling separation of the sample cross section and magnetisation components. This capability has previously been combined with a wide variety of neutron techniques to study phenomena ranging from the magnetisation distribution in magnetic heterostructures to complex magnetic structures in...
