Influence of hexadecapole and hexacontatetrapole deformations and associated orientations on the synthesis of superheavy nuclei

Abstract：

This study examines the impact of higher-order deformations up to hexacontatetrapole ($ \beta_6 $) deformation on the synthesis of superheavy nuclei (SHN) through heavy-ion induced fusion reactions. The main objective of the study is to examine the impact of modified nuclear shapes that result from the collective influence of deformations (up to $ \beta_6 $) on the barrier characteristics $ V_B $ and $ R_B $ and overall dynamics of nuclear reactions leading to the synthesis of SHN. The analysis takes into account both spherical+deformed and deformed+deformed projectile-target (P-T) combinations that lead to the synthesis of SHN. Furthermore, the analysis examines the influence of the sign ($ \pm $) and magnitude of $ \beta_6 $ on the barrier characteristics and overall reaction dynamics. This analysis is performed by utilizing ⁴⁸Ca, ³⁶S, and ⁴⁸Ti induced reactions with $ \beta_6 $-deformed actinide targets. The compact and elongated orientations, influenced by the sign and magnitude of $ \beta_2 $, $ \beta_4 $, and $ \beta_6 $ deformations, respectively, introduce further modifications in the reaction dynamics.The calculated capture cross-sections ($ \sigma_{\mathrm{cap}} $) result in better agreement with the experimental data for the case which incorporates $ \beta_6 $ along with $ \beta_2 $ and $ \beta_4 $ deformations than for the $ \beta_2\beta_4 $ deformations due to modified barrier characteristics, particularly at near-barrier energies. The findings underscore the importance and impact of incorporating deformations (up to $ \beta_6 $) and their corresponding orientations to achieve a thorough understanding of the dynamics of heavy-ion induced reactions pertaining to the superheavy mass region.