The Second LHAASO Collaboration Conference in 2026 & The Academic Symposium for the 10th Anniversary of the LHAASO collaboration

Terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs) are brief bursts of high-energy gamma-ray emission associated with thunderstorms. In this study, electron and bremsstrahlung photon energy spectra are modeled within the framework of relativistic runaway electron avalanche (RREA) theory. Particle transport and detector response are simulated using G4KM2A, a Geant4-based simulation package for LHAASO-KM2A. Simulations with monoenergetic particles and continuous energy spectra are analyzed to investigate the effects of particle energy, propagation distance, and incidence angle on the response of the electromagnetic particle detectors (EDs). This work provides predictions of the detector response under the simulated conditions and a basis for assessing the feasibility of detecting TGFs with the LHAASO ED array.