\begin{document}$ Z \geq 104 $\end{document} are investigated by employing a phenomenological one-parameter model based on quantum-mechanical tunneling through a potential barrier, where both the centrifugal and overlapping effects have been considered. It is shown that the experimental α-decay half-lives of the 81 SHN are reproduced well. Moreover, the order of magnitude for the α-particle preformation probability inside a parent nucleus (\begin{document}$S_{ {\alpha }} $\end{document}) is found to be \begin{document}$ 10^{-2} $\end{document}. Then, within this model, the \begin{document}$S_{ {\alpha }} $\end{document} values and α-decay half-lives of Z = 118−120 isotopes are predicted by inputting the α-decay energies (\begin{document}$ Q_{\alpha } $\end{document}) extracted from the relativistic continuum Hartree-Bogoliubov (RCHB) theory, Duflo-Zuker 19 (DZ19, where 19 denotes the number of fitting parameters) model, improved Weizsacker-Skyrme (lMWS) model, and machine learning (ML) approach. By analyzing the evolutions of \begin{document}$ Q_{\alpha } $\end{document}, \begin{document}$S_{ {\alpha} }$\end{document} and α-decay half-lives of Z = 118−120 isotopes with the neutron number N of the parent nucleus, it is found that the shell effect at N = 184 is evident for all nuclear mass models. Meanwhile, for the case of the RCHB, N = 172 is determined as a submagic number. However, the submagic number at N = 172 is replaced by N = 178 for the ML approach."> <i>α</i>-decay half-lives of superheavy nuclei within a one-parameter model -
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