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. Friedberg R, Lee T D. Ann. Phys., 2008, 323: 10872. Particle Data Group. J. Phys. G, 2006, 33: 13. Friedberg R, Lee T D. arXiv:0809.36334. Goldstone J. Nuovo Cimento, 1961, 9: 154
↑ and χ↓ to be large and the same, with χ=χ↑=χ↓. In this case, the model has 9
real parameters: α↑, β↑, ξ↑, η↑ for the ↑-quark sector, α↑, β↑, ξ↑, η↑
for the ↓ sector and a common χ. We examine whether these nine parameters are compatible with ten observables: the six quark masses and the four real parameters that characterize the CKM matrix (i.e., the Jarlskog invariant J and three Eulerian angles). We find that this is possible only if the T violating phase χ is large, between -120° to -135°. In this strong T violating model, the smallness of the Jarlskog invariant J≌3×10-5 is mainly accounted for by the large heavy quark masses, with mcmt
. Friedberg R, Lee T D. Ann. Phys., 2008, 323: 10872. Particle Data Group. J. Phys. G, 2006, 33: 13. Friedberg R, Lee T D. arXiv:0809.36334. Goldstone J. Nuovo Cimento, 1961, 9: 154