\begin{document}$e^{-}$\end{document}/ \begin{document}$\mu^{-}$\end{document} would occur. A large inferred mass span induces hyperon fraction variations, which affect neutrino emissivity. If the inferred mass of PSR J0030+0451 exceeds approximately 1.8 \begin{document}$M_{\odot}$\end{document}, the neutrino luminosity of the nucleonic direct URCA processes under the SU(3) flavor symmetry remains nearly the same as that in npeµ matter, independent of hyperons. However, it shows an obvious hyperon dependence under the SU(6) spin-flavor symmetry. For hyperon-containing J0740+6620, the nucleonic direct URCA processes under the SU(3) flavor symmetry in the GM1 parameter set predict a faster decline in neutrino luminosity with the hyperonic fraction than in npeµ matter, and under the SU(6) spin-flavor symmetry in the NL3 parameter set, it shows a monotonic decreasing trend. The research indicates that the hyperonic fraction significantly affects the neutrino radiation properties of nucleonic direct URCA processes in neutron stars. Different-mass pulsars (e.g., PSRs J1231-1411, J0030+0451, J0740+6620) exhibit distinct behaviors of nucleonic direct URCA processes, depending on inferred masses/radii, parameter sets, and theoretical models."> A Study on the Triggering of nucleonic direct urca processes in neutron stars of specific masses and their hyperon dependence -
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